Liquid fuel burner



Nov. 1, 1932.

L. c. BEADLE LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed July '7, 1930 lll/llfffll/l/ II/59144576 IINVENTOR,

ATIORNEY.

Patented Nov. 1, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT oEFicE LYNN C. BEADLE, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO TIMKEN SILENT AUTOMATIC COMPANY, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN -Application led July 7,

The present invention relates to liquid f uel burners adapted for use in domestic heating furnaces, and more particularly to burners ofv the type in which liquid fuel is first Vaporized or gasiied and then burned.

Among the objects of the invention is means by which the liquid fuel may be efficiently vaporized or gasiiied without cracking.- Another object is means by which hot products of 10. combustion supply the heat necessary for the change of condition of the fuel. Still another object is means comprising a vaporizing chamber to which the heating medium has .free access but withinwhich there will be inwsuliicient combustion supporting medium to cause combustion of any substantial amount of fuel, substantially all of the combustion taking place outside of the chamber after addition to the vapor or gas of additional air.

m A further obj ect is a combustion process involving the steps of vaporizing and combustion.

Still further objects will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon reference to the following description and accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a side elevation with parts in vertical section on line A. B. C. of Figure 2, and showing the burner installed in a furnace, while Figure 2 is a plan View of 3D the burner proper with parts broken away, and Figure 3 is a diagrammatic sectional View indicating the operation of the burner.

In the drawing a conventional furnace for hot water, vapor or steam is indicated at 10, the parts shown indicating only the water leg 11 and the ash pit or other door 12. v

The burner proper comprises a blower 15 discharging into a conduit 16, provided with a control valve 17, which conduit leads o through the door 12 into the furnace and into an air drum or chest 20. The opening in door 12 will preferably fit closely about the conduit 16 and luted as at 18 so as to preventingress of air except through the latter, while other openings, if any, into the furnace ash pit will preferably also be sealed.

It is preferred to mount the drum 20 With its upperedge at substantially the grate level, the grate, of course, having been removed.

The drum 20 consists of a preferably cylin- 1930. Serial No. 466,083.

drical vessel with its axis vertical and its bottom closed. 1n the upper end of the drum is fixed a bowl shaped member 21 of somewhat less diameter than the drum but provided around its lip with an outward and upward extension 22 fitting tightly within the drum. The outwardly extending portion is preferably somewhat below the lip 23 of the bowl, while the upwardly extending portion preferably ends abovethe level of lip 23 and is spaced therefrom as shown. Between the lip 23 and portion 22, there will be small perforations or air openings 24 leadi2ng upwardly from the interior of the drum As shown in Figure 1, the bottom of bowl 21 is slightly dished so that atlits center por'- tion 25. oil when introduced tends to form a small pool, and an oil inlet 26 is provided Aat the approximate center as shown in Figure 2, being supplied through pipe 27 from a float bowl 28 .in turn fed from a higher level tank 29.

Spaced around the center of bowl 21 are a plurality, in the present case, six vertical tubes 35 opening into drum 20 and closed at their upper ends. These tubes 35 extend well up above the lip 23 and bowl portion 22, and

Iare provided near their upper ends with openings 36 directed horizontally outward. Also, near their lower ends, the tubes 35 are provided with slots 37 cut in a plane inclined to the tube axis to thereby direct small jets or streams downwardly within the bowl.

Mounted upon the tops of the tubes 35 is a funnel-shaped deiiector element 40, the central opening of which is substantially equal in area to the area defined by tubes 35, and the outer edge of which lies slightly within the circle of the lip 23, but well above.

Starting ignition is provided by a pilot light indicated at 45 as comprising a downwardly directed gas jet supplied from pipe 46, which pipe together with the oil supply pipe, is enclosed within the conduit 16 in order to prevent overheating.

In the operation of the burner, the pilot 45 will, of course, rst be ignited. When it is desired to heat the boiler, the oil supply will be turned on and the blower started. When cold, unvaporized oil will first collect in a small pool at 25 but be ignited-by the pilot 1n the pressure of air and will burn w1th1n the bowl 21 for a shorttime. As soon, however,

as the air supply has started, the jets 24 and 36, being directed at right angles to each other and deflected outwardly by member 40, establish an injector action which causes gases in the bowl 21 to be drawn outwardly and at a much greater rate than air can be supplied through slots 37. Therefore, a current of gases will be established downwardly throughmember 40 as indicated by the arrows marked CO2. These incoming gases will, of course, be largely products of combustion, and therefore heated, and will, in a short period, supply sufficient heat to the incoming oil to completely vaporize the latter. Being largely products of combustion, they will not support Vcombustion and, therefore, combustion within the bowl 2l'soon ceases, insufficient air being admitted through jets 37 to make up for the lack of oxygen in the gases.

When this point has been reached, combustion takes place only nat or rather a short' distance outside of the junction point or meeting zone of the air jets from 24 and 36 as it is only at this location that there is suflicient air to support combustion.

Now having described the invention and the preferred form of embodiment thereof, it is to be understood that the said invention is to be limited, not to the matter shown and described, but only by the scope of the claim which follows.

I claim:

In a liquid fuel burner adapted to be placed as a unit in the combustion chamber of a furnace, an air chest adapted to have air supplied thereto under pressure, an open bowl member within the upper part of said chest and forming a closure for the latter, a liquid fuel inlet leading into said bowl, a plurality of upwardly directed air passages from said chest at the periphery of said bowl, a plurality of vertically arranged tubular members located in the bottom of the bowl,

Vsaid tubular members being arranged in a ring about the center portion of said bowl and spaced therefrom and provided near their upper ends with air jets outwardly directed, and a metallic deflector element supported above said members and adapted to direct combustion gases into said center space.

LYNN C. BEADLE. 

